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Added for You - FAQ's About Using Stone In Your Home
A 30 Day Crusade Against Smoking - Day 4 - Destroying The DinersBans on public smoking are spreading throughout the world. That suits Eric who is a lifelong non-smoker, nay, ANTI-smoker. For 30 days he will change the world and the habits of current smokers.Day 4:Restaurants annoy me. Allowing smokers to light up at tables whilst I am eating is just plain rude, irrespective of what it may be doing to my health. As my wife chain smokes I made a decision several years ago to never take her out for a meal. Nowadays I either eat alone, or if I am in need of company, I will muscle in on some other poor unsuspecting family or couple (provided they do not smoke).So, I am there enjoying a nice meal when the bloke on the next table lights up a cigarette. The smell and putrid smoke drifts my way and I am taking a mouthful of carcinogens every time I take a bite to eat. In-between times I am breathing in the foul stench of cigarette smoke – Lord knows what it is doing to my lungs.I have a plan – a cunning, if not subtle one. I think it will serve the purpose well. Smoking diners think nothing of allowing me to breathe in the smoke they exhale and for me to go home stinking of it. So I will flick vinegar on them whilst they are smoking. The look of disbelief will be a sight to see. But I will tell them that I am doing to them what they are doing to me. Vinegar stains and smells but it isn’t half as bad as that of cigarette smoke. And, as yet, I have not come across anyone dying of vinegar inhalation. re generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. T 7 Do's and Don'ts in divorceThe seven Do’s and Don’ts of divorce and children
Warren R. Shiell, Esq. Attorney at Law
www.la-familylaw.comHow to Reduce Harm to Children and Increase Favor During ProceedingsThe following advice is designed to reduce any harm to your children. It will also put you in a more favorable light with the Court and any court appointed psychologists should you be unable to resolve your differences.You should also keep a parenting journal. You should be aware that this may be discoverable in a custody proceeding.DON’TS• Divorcing couples have fights. If you didn’t you might not be divorcing! But don’t drag your children into your fights. Do not bad-mouth you ex-partner in front of the children, no matter how angry they make you. Do not put children in a position where they feel they have to take sides.• Once you have explained to the children that you are separating do not discuss the divorce or financial matters in front of the children.• Do not use your children to spy on your ex-partner. Don’t ask them who Mom or Dad is now dating.• Do not try and turn your children against your ex-partner. It is not only damaging to the children but in the long run will back fire.• Do not use your children as go-betweens to deliver messages, money, or anything else.• If you feel sad or angry, do not seek emotional support from your children. Use your family or friends or seek the help of a professional therapist.• Resist the temptation to be a Disney-land parent lavishing gifts and trips to win their affection. Children need to spend quiet time with you and be interested in all aspects of their life including homework, friends and activities.“Do’s”• Continue to reassure the children that both Mom and Dad will always love them, no matter what. Always take the time to listen to your children about their feelings.• Assure your children that your separation is not their fault.• Try to maintain the child’s regular routine as much as possible.• Be punctual on all visitations. If you have to re-schedule be considerate and give as mu 1. Q. IS NATURAL STONE A GOOD CHOICE FOR HOME USE?
A. YES. Natural stone is a terrific (not to mention beautiful) material to use in all areas of your home. Knowing the different types of stone, their finishes and applications will help you to make an informed decision on which stone is the best for your project.
2. Q. CAN YOU EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT FINISHES FOR STONE?
A. There are many finishes and options available. Here are the most widely used:
- Polished –- A high gloss surface.
- Honed –- Smooth with squared edges and without a polished
surface.
- Tumbled –- Lightly tumbled to achieve rounded edges and a
surface that is not as smooth as honed.
- Antique Tumbled –- Medium tumble edges and surface to achieve a
slight rustic look.
- Cobbled or Distressed –- Heavily tumbled edges and surface to
achieve an aged or ancient look.
- Brushed –- Acid washed and wire brushed for a smooth textured
surface.
- Flamed –- Blow torched for a rough textured surface.
3. Q. DOESN'T STONE STAIN? I DON'T WANT STAINS!
A. YES. All natural stone can stain and etch (a dull spot in a polished or honed surface), including GRANITES. Sealers DO NOT prevent staining as they are a moisture barrier only, yet they will help to give you a small amount of time to wipe up spills. It is nearly impossible to prevent staining or etching, but serious stains can be almost completely removed and any etching can be resurfaced if either is truly bothersome to you. To help keep a perspective on choosing to use natural stone, remember the following:
1. For centuries, many European countries have used natural stone from floor to ceiling, inside and out. The stone becomes stained, cracked, pitted…and that is why we love it! These characteristics only make it that much more beautiful. (Only we Americans get uptight about such things!) 2. Because stone is quarried from the earth and not "man" made, it is improbable to ever find two exact matching tiles or matching slabs for that matter. One slab may even look different from each end of itself. That is also the beauty because each piece is different, but when pieces are put together as a whole it is a masterpiece! (Be sure to purchase enough to complete your project as you may not be able to get more from the same lot.) 3. Stone is timeless. It does not get dated like the 70's Avocado Green and Harvest Gold d?cor did. 4. Stone will last longer than any of us will. There are centuries old castles, made of 100% stone and still standing today! 5. It is a natural resource that will never run out. 6. The more it is used, the faster a "Patina" (light sheen on the surface) will develop. The "Patina" will also aid to prevent staining to a lesser degree.
4. Q. WHAT IS THE BEST STONE TO USE IN MY HOME?
A. It is really a matter of choice and the look you want to achieve. Ask yourself the following questions when making your decision: Is it beautiful to me? Do I love it? Could I live with it for years? The best advice that I can ever give to anyone choosing stone is: Go with what you are drawn to from the beginning. First, because you will only spend a lot of time and become confused when laboring over the "right" decision by looking at many different stones and colors; secondly, you will probably not be happy with your selection if you have to settle on something else; and finally, you will more than likely go back to what you liked the first time. Reviewing the following most used stone types will help when you are ready to make your choice.
- GRANITES –- Granites usually have a "spattered" or "swirled"
grain and can contain many colors (minerals). Generally, granites have a polished finished and have a "busy" look, but to keep up with current trends, more manufacturers are producing honed (smooth & unpolished) and flamed (rough textured) surfaces. Granites may be purchased in slab and dimensional tile form and can be used in almost any application. It has become ever popular as it is being used frequently in newly built tract housing, apartment/condominium complexes and commercial buildings. Granites are imported from many countries and have just as many colors and sizes to choose from. A note in using polished granite is to know that it can be slippery to walk on until a patina builds on it. As with any other commodity, stone is also graded for quality standards. Be wary if it is extremely inexpensive…(less than $7.00 per square foot unless you are buying a large quantity.) The price ranges in granites can be anywhere in between $8.00 to $90.00 per square foot, depending on the color, rarity and where the stone comes from. The "blue" stones, containing minerals/gems such as sodalite are usually in the higher priced ranges.
- LIMESTONES – There are many types of limestone available and
vary to many degrees, depending upon where it comes from. Unpopular to belief, limestone is also a perfectly suitable stone to use in all areas of your home. Most limestones have softer earth tone colors; may contain a "swirl" veining movement throughout; can contain fossils; or may have a light speckled grain. Limestones, just like granite or any other natural stone can stain, etch or get scratched, but again, you should not use natural stone if this will bother you. Limestone also is widely available in dimensional tile and slab form. This stone is used most frequently in higher-end homes, architectural designs and commercial applications as it is easy to work with, the colors are muted compared to granites, it is available in as many finishes and textures as granite and it is still relatively new to the market. It is still considered to be a "custom" choice, as it has not reached the overuse level of granite. Some limestones from countries such as France and Portugal can be somewhat porous but are perfect for flooring, backsplashes, fireplace surrounds and outdoor uses. Limestone from countries such as the US and Israel (Jerusalem Stone) are generally heavier and usually as dense as granite, which makes it suitable for almost every application.
- SLATES – Slate used to be used mainly for chalkboard, billiard
tables, science lab areas and roof tiles. However, in recent years it has become more popular for residential use in most applications, with the exception of fabricated counter tops. Slate tiles are generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. T How to Get Rid of Your Visitors!To keep your visitors coming back, the main goals of
your website are for visitor participation and benefits.
Provide an interesting, beneficial and useful website
and they will come back!If your site is annoying you can be sure they will find
another site to visit, never to come back to yours.Here are some ways you can be sure to annoy your
visitors: (they might not annoy all, but probably the majority)** Frames - Chopping up a site with frames is a great way
to get your visitors frustrated. These frames are very
obtrusive and make navigation and reading your site
much harder. They are also disliked by the search engine
spiders.** Overbearing Graphics - Not only are these blinking and
flashing graphics distracting and unnecessary, they can
also cause your site to download very slowly. Most
people do not have the time to sit and wait for an
extremely slow site, and will leave before even knowing
what your site has to offer.** No Contact Information - I cannot stress enough how
important it is to have your email address and other
contact info on every page. This will add credibility
to your site and always give your visitors a reason to
be assured that you can be reached when needed.** Hard To Navigate -You want your visitors to be able
to get around your site without trouble. Have your
links all together in a place that is easily seen. Have
them in the same place on every page.** Inconsistent Page Design - I have been on some sites
where after clicking on a link, I didn't even know if
I was at the same site. The page was totally different
and did not have any of the same information or links
as the previous page. After trying to find what I was
looking for and not finding it, I left. Please keep
your site design uniform and consistent. This will
make it much easier on your visitors.** Spelling and Grammar – Always proofread your web
pages. Designing and building a professional website
is a waste of time if it reads like a five year old
wrote it. With spell checker, grammar checker,
dictionaries, etc. there i nd any etching can be resurfaced if either is truly bothersome to you. To help keep a perspective on choosing to use natural stone, remember the following:
1. For centuries, many European countries have used natural stone from floor to ceiling, inside and out. The stone becomes stained, cracked, pitted…and that is why we love it! These characteristics only make it that much more beautiful. (Only we Americans get uptight about such things!) 2. Because stone is quarried from the earth and not "man" made, it is improbable to ever find two exact matching tiles or matching slabs for that matter. One slab may even look different from each end of itself. That is also the beauty because each piece is different, but when pieces are put together as a whole it is a masterpiece! (Be sure to purchase enough to complete your project as you may not be able to get more from the same lot.) 3. Stone is timeless. It does not get dated like the 70's Avocado Green and Harvest Gold d?cor did. 4. Stone will last longer than any of us will. There are centuries old castles, made of 100% stone and still standing today! 5. It is a natural resource that will never run out. 6. The more it is used, the faster a "Patina" (light sheen on the surface) will develop. The "Patina" will also aid to prevent staining to a lesser degree.
4. Q. WHAT IS THE BEST STONE TO USE IN MY HOME?
A. It is really a matter of choice and the look you want to achieve. Ask yourself the following questions when making your decision: Is it beautiful to me? Do I love it? Could I live with it for years? The best advice that I can ever give to anyone choosing stone is: Go with what you are drawn to from the beginning. First, because you will only spend a lot of time and become confused when laboring over the "right" decision by looking at many different stones and colors; secondly, you will probably not be happy with your selection if you have to settle on something else; and finally, you will more than likely go back to what you liked the first time. Reviewing the following most used stone types will help when you are ready to make your choice.
- GRANITES –- Granites usually have a "spattered" or "swirled"
grain and can contain many colors (minerals). Generally, granites have a polished finished and have a "busy" look, but to keep up with current trends, more manufacturers are producing honed (smooth & unpolished) and flamed (rough textured) surfaces. Granites may be purchased in slab and dimensional tile form and can be used in almost any application. It has become ever popular as it is being used frequently in newly built tract housing, apartment/condominium complexes and commercial buildings. Granites are imported from many countries and have just as many colors and sizes to choose from. A note in using polished granite is to know that it can be slippery to walk on until a patina builds on it. As with any other commodity, stone is also graded for quality standards. Be wary if it is extremely inexpensive…(less than $7.00 per square foot unless you are buying a large quantity.) The price ranges in granites can be anywhere in between $8.00 to $90.00 per square foot, depending on the color, rarity and where the stone comes from. The "blue" stones, containing minerals/gems such as sodalite are usually in the higher priced ranges.
- LIMESTONES – There are many types of limestone available and
vary to many degrees, depending upon where it comes from. Unpopular to belief, limestone is also a perfectly suitable stone to use in all areas of your home. Most limestones have softer earth tone colors; may contain a "swirl" veining movement throughout; can contain fossils; or may have a light speckled grain. Limestones, just like granite or any other natural stone can stain, etch or get scratched, but again, you should not use natural stone if this will bother you. Limestone also is widely available in dimensional tile and slab form. This stone is used most frequently in higher-end homes, architectural designs and commercial applications as it is easy to work with, the colors are muted compared to granites, it is available in as many finishes and textures as granite and it is still relatively new to the market. It is still considered to be a "custom" choice, as it has not reached the overuse level of granite. Some limestones from countries such as France and Portugal can be somewhat porous but are perfect for flooring, backsplashes, fireplace surrounds and outdoor uses. Limestone from countries such as the US and Israel (Jerusalem Stone) are generally heavier and usually as dense as granite, which makes it suitable for almost every application.
- SLATES – Slate used to be used mainly for chalkboard, billiard
tables, science lab areas and roof tiles. However, in recent years it has become more popular for residential use in most applications, with the exception of fabricated counter tops. Slate tiles are generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. T Home Loans For People With Bad CreditToday's consumers have the luxury of high-speed online Internet access. Searching for, and finding, a bad credit home loan is a lot easier than it used to be.It is possible to get home loans with bad credit. There are several companies, both online and offline, who specialize in these kinds of loans. Nevertheless, the lower interests are reserved for people with good credit scores.The following are a few points to note when going for a home loan with bad credit.It is necessary for all homes to be appraised by an appraiser. He will make sure that the property is sufficient to cover the loan amount.The bad credit home loan is comprised of two parts -- the down payment and the monthly payments. A point system takes care of this. A point is 1 percent of the loan amount. If one point is charged on a $400,000 loan, it amounts to an additional $4000 fee tacked on to your loan. Three points adds an additional $12,000 and so on.It pays to look around for the best rates. Lenders may present lower interest rates and more points. Lower rates of interest and more points mean that the initial down payment will be high.The term for the interest payments differs from company to company. It can be for 10, 20 or 30 years. There are adaptable interest rates obtainable. These increase or decrease with the common interest rate prevailing in the market. However, caps ensure that the rate doesn't ebb and flow violently.There are also loans available for people wanting to build a house. In this case, payments can be made in relationship to the construction progress of the house. After the completion of the house, it can be transformed into a conventional mortgage loan.To receive a bad credit home mortgage loan, one can apply online for a pre-approved loan. ever give to anyone choosing stone is: Go with what you are drawn to from the beginning. First, because you will only spend a lot of time and become confused when laboring over the "right" decision by looking at many different stones and colors; secondly, you will probably not be happy with your selection if you have to settle on something else; and finally, you will more than likely go back to what you liked the first time. Reviewing the following most used stone types will help when you are ready to make your choice.
- GRANITES –- Granites usually have a "spattered" or "swirled"
grain and can contain many colors (minerals). Generally, granites have a polished finished and have a "busy" look, but to keep up with current trends, more manufacturers are producing honed (smooth & unpolished) and flamed (rough textured) surfaces. Granites may be purchased in slab and dimensional tile form and can be used in almost any application. It has become ever popular as it is being used frequently in newly built tract housing, apartment/condominium complexes and commercial buildings. Granites are imported from many countries and have just as many colors and sizes to choose from. A note in using polished granite is to know that it can be slippery to walk on until a patina builds on it. As with any other commodity, stone is also graded for quality standards. Be wary if it is extremely inexpensive…(less than $7.00 per square foot unless you are buying a large quantity.) The price ranges in granites can be anywhere in between $8.00 to $90.00 per square foot, depending on the color, rarity and where the stone comes from. The "blue" stones, containing minerals/gems such as sodalite are usually in the higher priced ranges.
- LIMESTONES – There are many types of limestone available and
vary to many degrees, depending upon where it comes from. Unpopular to belief, limestone is also a perfectly suitable stone to use in all areas of your home. Most limestones have softer earth tone colors; may contain a "swirl" veining movement throughout; can contain fossils; or may have a light speckled grain. Limestones, just like granite or any other natural stone can stain, etch or get scratched, but again, you should not use natural stone if this will bother you. Limestone also is widely available in dimensional tile and slab form. This stone is used most frequently in higher-end homes, architectural designs and commercial applications as it is easy to work with, the colors are muted compared to granites, it is available in as many finishes and textures as granite and it is still relatively new to the market. It is still considered to be a "custom" choice, as it has not reached the overuse level of granite. Some limestones from countries such as France and Portugal can be somewhat porous but are perfect for flooring, backsplashes, fireplace surrounds and outdoor uses. Limestone from countries such as the US and Israel (Jerusalem Stone) are generally heavier and usually as dense as granite, which makes it suitable for almost every application.
- SLATES – Slate used to be used mainly for chalkboard, billiard
tables, science lab areas and roof tiles. However, in recent years it has become more popular for residential use in most applications, with the exception of fabricated counter tops. Slate tiles are generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. T Controversies Generated by the Use of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Strep ThroatUnlike the very common sore throat, caused by infection with flu-viruses, strep throat is caused by infection with Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus bacteria and is usually more severe. For decades, the primary choice of medications in the treatment of strep throat has consisted in antibiotics. Although at first penicillin was the main antibiotic medication to be prescribed to patients with strep throat, nowadays stronger antibiotics such as erythromycin and clarithromycin are generally preferred over penicillin derivates.The reason why the treatment of strep throat nowadays requires the use of stronger antibiotics is that most bacterial strains have evolved and have developed increased resistance to old-fashioned antibiotics such as penicillin due to inappropriate treatment. Even at present, the exact following of the doctor’s directions regarding the use of antibiotics plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficiency of the treatment. In case the treatment with antibiotics is prematurely interrupted or the doctor-recommended dose of medications is not respected, infections with streptococcus bacteria can recur, becoming even more resistant.Regardless of the types of antibiotics involved, the use of such medications in the treatment of strep throat has been contested by most physicians in the last few years. The majority of medical scientists believe that the use of antibiotics in the treatment of strep throat should be avoided unless absolutely necessary. They claim that antibiotics produce a variety of side-effects that render such medications inappropriate for treating strep throat in children and elderly people. Most doctors only recommend the use of antibiotics in case of severe throat infections that may also be associated with complications (acute rheumatic fever, tonsillitis, otitis); however, if the symptoms of strep throat are mild and there are no signs of complications, then antibiotics shouldn’t be used at all.Traditionally, antibiotics were used in the treatment of strep throat in order to prevent the occurrence of acute rheumatic fever (ARF), complication associated with streptococ e are usually in the higher priced ranges.
- LIMESTONES – There are many types of limestone available and
vary to many degrees, depending upon where it comes from. Unpopular to belief, limestone is also a perfectly suitable stone to use in all areas of your home. Most limestones have softer earth tone colors; may contain a "swirl" veining movement throughout; can contain fossils; or may have a light speckled grain. Limestones, just like granite or any other natural stone can stain, etch or get scratched, but again, you should not use natural stone if this will bother you. Limestone also is widely available in dimensional tile and slab form. This stone is used most frequently in higher-end homes, architectural designs and commercial applications as it is easy to work with, the colors are muted compared to granites, it is available in as many finishes and textures as granite and it is still relatively new to the market. It is still considered to be a "custom" choice, as it has not reached the overuse level of granite. Some limestones from countries such as France and Portugal can be somewhat porous but are perfect for flooring, backsplashes, fireplace surrounds and outdoor uses. Limestone from countries such as the US and Israel (Jerusalem Stone) are generally heavier and usually as dense as granite, which makes it suitable for almost every application.
- SLATES – Slate used to be used mainly for chalkboard, billiard
tables, science lab areas and roof tiles. However, in recent years it has become more popular for residential use in most applications, with the exception of fabricated counter tops. Slate tiles are generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. T Creating the Butterfly Effect in Your LifeThere’s an awful lot of discussion about the so called
“Butterfly Effect” going on these days.Just what is the Butterfly Effect?It’s simply how making one little change can totally
change the outcome of an event. It’s why tornados can
be so unpredictable. One little change can affect it’s
strength or it’s course. The outcome can be next to
nothing or total devastation, or anywhere in between.OK, ok, it’s really a complex mathematical equation,
and when minute changes are plotted on a graph, the
resulting image looks like a butterfly. Really.It is said that the air disturbance by the wings of a
single butterfly is enough to change the weather
patterns throughout the world.So you’re thinking, well that’s nice Carole – go get
some sleep!C’mon, I do have a point. Little changes make a big
difference.Let’s say you started drinking one more glass of
water a day. What would happen? You’re thinking –
“Not much.” If we apply the Butterfly Effect -Your skin would start looking better.You’ll wash more toxins and fat out of your system
resulting in getting sick less often.Your brain would have more moisture enabling it to
function with less effort, and you’ll think better and
have fewer headaches. Getting smarter, you might
even land a better job.Your other organs will also have more moisture and
function better. You’ll have more energy.With more energy, you’ll be more active. As a result
of more activity, You’ll lose weight and cut your risks
of serious disease.Now, what do you think would happen if you added
? a cup of broccoli every day? Or if you walked 10
minutes more every day? Or if you read 15 minutes
more a day? Or if you put things away when you’re
done using them instead of putting them aside
to put away later?There are hundreds of little - little changes that
you can make every day that will have a big impact
on your life in the long run.Think about how you can create the Butterfly Effect
in your life! re generally rough in surface texture, with the exception of the tumbled version. Most slates are available in a wide variety of sizes in dimensional tiles; a few in slab form and most can be gotten in crates of random pieces like flagstone. It is a perfect stone for water areas such as showers & spas, patio/driveway areas, pool surrounds and roofing applications. Most slates contain a huge variation of color, even within the same lot and some will even look to have been stained from spills of red wine, which is not the case. This is caused from earth minerals such as iron and only adds to the beauty of the stone. Slate holds onto heat well, which is another reason besides being fire proof; it is widely used as roofing material. (Use light colors in outdoor areas where you may be walking barefoot!) Since slates have a softer property, be aware that it can shale off the surface more easily. This will not harm it per se, but may cause you concern if you are not aware that it happens. One of the difficulties of slate is that it is varied in thickness. Because of the shale properties, it is very difficult to cut evenly. Generally, manufacturers will cut them with a "gauged" thickness or "sawn back" treatment, leaving one side smoother. Because of the varied thickness between each piece of tile, specific sized installations may be more of a challenge, so expect your installer costs to be a bit higher. Slate itself is generally a less costlier stone. Expect anywhere from $4.00 - $8.00 per square foot, dependent upon the grade and country of origin. Again, beware of any extremely inexpensive prices and be sure to check the quality of the slate to be sure that it has not been filled with dyes. Test by holding a piece under running water for a few minutes and also by putting a few tablespoons of vinegar or lemon juice on it and wiping off. If any color comes off, return it immediately! Just a note: I only recommend using any acidic solution on stone in this instance for testing purposes only.
- MARBLE – Most people are familiar with marble in many uses.
From Greek statues to Roman baths, marble has been used for centuries in just about every possible application, both interior and exterior. Marble has the same general properties of limestone and can stain, etch or scratch, but it only becomes more beautiful over time and use. It is readily available in just about every color, size, finish and texture known to man. Most marbles have a veining of a mineral throughout them and are generally thought to be from Italy, but it in actuality it is quarried from all over the world. Tumbled marble has become extremely popular in the United States in the last few years for backsplash, flooring and shower areas. Prices range from $6.00 - $30.00 per square foot, again dependent upon the rarity, color and country of origin. A couple of drawbacks to marble to be aware of is: 1. Green marbles containing serpentine need to be installed in water areas with specific setting guidelines that your installer should know of as water can warp and break apart green marbles; 2. Polished marble can be slippery to walk upon until a patina has built up on the surface.
- TRAVERTINE – Travertine is marble, except it is filled with
"holes." To understand what causes the holes, think of it this way…wherever a river or stream was prior to the marble being quarried is where you will find travertine. Because of the holes, people can be scared off because travertine is generally thought to be more porous and not suitable for residential use. This is not the case, as all of those holes become filled in with grout during installation, giving it a very unique look. The same travertine can be used in two separate areas but appear another way just by using two different grout colors! Travertine can be purchased with the holes pre-filled, but in my experience with it, I don't recommend it. In general, the epoxy fill that is used has a color to it that does not look natural to the stone and it has a tendency to come out after a short amount of time in high traffic areas. Expect to pay anywhere from $5.00 – $15.00 per square foot.
5. Q. IS STONE MORE DIFFICULT OR COSTLY TO INSTALL THAN CERAMIC TILE?
A. On the whole, it is not more difficult to install. There are exceptions of course such as the difficulties with thickness gauges, which takes more time in planing the layout and whether a complex pattern is being used. As for cost it is generally not more expensive except for time spent on laying out patterns and the thickness gauging again, at least for the tile contractors I have worked on projects with. The setting supplies and procedures are the same, but stone is heavier to work with. I suggest talking it over with your installer and also taking the time to look at previous jobs he or she has installed if possible. I will be giving tips on selecting a tile contractor/installer in my next article.
6. Q. CAN A STONE DESIGN BE USED OR MIXED WITH OTHER KINDS OF MATERIALS?
A. Absolutely! The possibilities are endless. You can incorporate stone with ceramic, porcelain, glass, and terracotta…anything you can think of, even mixing different types of stones together.
7. Q. HOW DO I FIGURE THE QUANTITY THAT I WILL NEED?
A. Generally, tile and stone for a "field" area (space where plain tile will be) is figured by the square foot. To figure square footage, measure the area that you will be putting the tile with a tape measure. Examples:
1. You measure your room and it comes out to be 10-1/2 feet wide by 15-3/4 feet long…you would calculate it by multiplying 10.5x15.75 = 165.38. Round this number off to the closest whole number (165). I suggest adding on a 10-15% overage to plan for cuts, breakage and a little extra to store in case a piece needs to be replaced later in time.
2. You measure your wall area to be covered and you get 18" tall and 33" long. Multiply 18x33 = 594". Now divide that number by 144, resulting in 4.13sf. (There are 144 sq. inches per square foot). Again, round it off and add on for overage.
When figuring for decorative tile or trim, it is usually by the piece and calculated by the lineal foot.
For slabs, it is best to let your fabricator figure the quantity for you.
8. Q. WHAT SIZE GROUT JOINTS SHOULD I USE?
A. Again, this is a matter of choice and the look you prefer. Honed stone can usually be butt-jointed (tight to each other) with very little grout showing if you want to see much grout or grid pattern; tumbled stone usually has a 1/8" to 1/4" grout joint which will show off the edges more.
9. Q. WHAT SIZE OF STONE TILE SHOULD I USE FOR MY PROJECT?
A. It depends upon the project itself and the area size. Something to keep in mind is that if the area to be tiled is small, it is better to use a bigger size tile, if you want the area to appear larger. It is not uncommon to believe that if you have a small perimeter of floor that you should use a 4", 6", or 12" tile, which is not necessary. When doing so, it will make the area feel small and you will have more grout joints.
10. Q. I DON'T LIKE THE GRID PATTERN I SEE FREQUENTLY. WHAT CAN YOU SUGGEST FOR AN ALTERNATIVE?
A. There are many pre-set repeating stone patterns available, or you can make your own "random" pattern from different size pieces of stone. A pre-set pattern is easier to use and the amount of stone that will be needed for the project will be easier to figure. To also help from keeping a grid pattern from being so obvious is to use a grout color that is as close as possible to the color of the stone. Using dark grout with light tile, or light grout with dark tile was a popular look in the 80's. However, I think it is better to see as little grout as possible. Your stone is the expensive part of your project so you should want to show it off, not your grout!
11. Q. CAN YOU HELP ME WITH DESIGNING MY STONE LAYOUT?
A. Yes, I can. I charge an hourly fee of $75 and I will need several things from you:
1. A copy of your blueprints, including the eleva
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